World Watch/Dominican Republic/Starting a Business

Starting a Business · Dominican Republic

Starting a business in Dominican Republic: foreigner's guide (2026)

ModerateLaw No. 479-08 on Commercial Companies and Individual Limited Liability Enterprises (as amended by Law 31-11); Law No. 16-95 on Foreign Investment; Law No. 3-02 on Commercial RegistrationCountry index 64 · C+

Dominican Republic shaded by its starting a business status

The Dominican Republic permits 100% foreign ownership in nearly all sectors without prior governmental approval, granting foreign investors national treatment under Law No. 16-95. Company formation involves three mandatory sequential steps — trade-name registration (ONAPI), mercantile registry (Chamber of Commerce), and tax-ID registration (DGII/RNC) — typically completed in 2–4 weeks. The process is accessible but requires apostilled foreign documents, Spanish-language filings, and sector-specific capital thresholds, placing it in the moderate category.

Key points

Foreign ownership

100% foreign ownership is permitted in virtually all sectors. Law No. 16-95 guarantees national treatment and imposes no prior-approval requirement except in regulated sectors (e.g., banking, insurance) where domestic investors face the same approval. Prohibited only for activities involving disposal of foreign-origin hazardous waste, activities that damage public health/environment, and production of national-defence materiel.

Entity types & minimum capital

The main forms are SRL (LLC, minimum DOP 100,000 capital, 2–50 shareholders), SA (Joint Stock, minimum DOP 30,000,000 capital, paid-up deposit required before registration), SAS (Simplified Joint Stock, flexible), and EIRL (sole-shareholder LLC). SRL is the most common choice for foreign SMEs.

Incorporation steps

Three mandatory steps: (1) Register trade name with ONAPI (National Office of Industrial Property); (2) File articles of incorporation and obtain Mercantile Registry Certificate from the relevant Chamber of Commerce and Production; (3) Register with DGII to obtain an RNC (National Taxpayers' Registry number) — DGII processes online submissions within 3 business days (up to 15 if economic-activity verification is needed).

Foreign-document requirements

Foreign shareholders must supply apostilled identity documents (passport) and any corporate documents in Spanish or with certified Spanish translation. A local legal representative is required for the filing; the representative may themselves be a foreigner.

Foreign investment registration (CEI-RD / ProDominicana)

To access the treaty protections and benefits of Law No. 16-95 (e.g., free repatriation of profits, protection against expropriation), foreign investors must register with ProDominicana/CEI-RD within 180 days of completing the investment. CEI-RD issues a registration certificate within 15 business days. This step is optional for operating the company but required to claim statutory investment protections.

Typical timeline & costs

End-to-end incorporation (ONAPI → Mercantile Registry → RNC) typically takes 2–4 weeks. There are government fees at each stage (ONAPI name search/registration, Chamber filing fee proportional to capital, 1% incorporation tax on authorised capital paid to DGII). No exchange controls and no restrictions on repatriating funds.

Timeline - major decisions & events

May 1, 2026enforcement
E-Invoicing Phase 3: All Remaining Businesses Must Comply

Law 32-23's third and final phase required small businesses, micro-firms, unclassified taxpayers, and remaining public entities to adopt the DGII's e-CF electronic invoicing system by May 15, 2026, completing the nationwide mandate. Every newly formed enterprise must now onboard the e-CF system as an operational prerequisite from day one.

EDICOM / DGII
Sep 1, 2025guidanceofficial
US State Dept 2025 Investment Climate Statement: Structural Reform Gaps Persist

The annual US assessment found that despite strong FDI inflows and ProDominicana's investment-promotion support, foreign investors continue to cite lack of transparency and poor enforcement of existing laws as key barriers; measures to simplify business-registration bureaucracy remain deprioritized by the Abinader government.

US Department of State
Jan 1, 2025decision
DGII Notice 12-25: E-Invoicing Deadline Extended for Medium Taxpayers

The General Directorate of Internal Taxes extended the Phase 2 electronic-invoicing compliance deadline from May 15, 2025 to November 15, 2025 for medium and large local taxpayers that had already begun onboarding, acknowledging implementation challenges while preserving the overall mandate and its obligations for new companies.

EDICOM / DGII Notice 12-25
Oct 1, 2024decisionofficial
World Bank B-READY 2024 Report Launched as Successor to Doing Business

The World Bank published the first Business Ready (B-READY) report, replacing the discontinued Doing Business Index with a broader framework assessing regulatory quality and public-service efficiency; the new benchmarks revive international pressure on the Dominican Republic to advance business-climate reforms.

World Bank
May 17, 2023law
Law 32-23: Electronic Invoicing Mandate Enacted

President Abinader signed the Electronic Invoicing Law requiring all businesses to issue DGII-validated electronic fiscal receipts (e-CF) in a phased rollout from 2024 to 2026; the law directly shapes the tax-compliance obligations of any newly formed entity from the moment it begins issuing invoices.

Sovos / DGII (Law 32-23)
Aug 1, 2021decisionofficial
World Bank Suspends Doing Business Index, Removing Key Reform Benchmark

The World Bank suspended and then permanently discontinued the Doing Business report following an independent investigation into data irregularities; the DR's last assessment had shown persistently weak Starting a Business sub-scores, and the discontinuation removed a critical external accountability mechanism that had historically driven administrative reforms.

World Bank Doing Business Archive
Jan 1, 2018decisionofficial
FATF Mutual Evaluation Assesses Dominican Republic AML/CFT Framework

The Financial Action Task Force published its mutual evaluation report on the Dominican Republic, reviewing compliance with AML/CFT standards and the effectiveness of the beneficial-ownership disclosure rules introduced by Law 155-17; findings shaped ongoing compliance obligations that new companies must meet at the point of registration.

FATF
Jan 1, 2017lawofficial
Law 155-17: AML/CFT Act Mandates Beneficial Ownership Disclosure at Formation

The Anti-Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Act required all companies to identify and declare to the DGII any natural person holding ≥20% of share capital as the ultimate beneficial owner; the disclosure is embedded in the RNC registration form (RC-02) and annual tax filings, adding a compliance layer to the business-formation process.

FATF / UAF República Dominicana
Jan 1, 2013decisionofficial
Formalízate One-Stop Shop Launched, Consolidating Registration Steps

The government rolled out the Formalízate digital single-window platform integrating commercial registry, DGII tax-ID issuance, and fee payments into one process; IDB research confirmed the program produced a statistically significant increase in micro-firm formalization, particularly in commerce and tourism, and improved women's labor-market participation.

Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
Feb 11, 2011lawofficial
Law 31-11: Simplified Anonymous Company (SAS) Introduced for Entrepreneurs

Amendment to Law 479-08 created the Sociedad Anónima Simplificada (SAS), a flexible corporate form requiring no minimum capital and permitting single-shareholder formation by one natural or legal person, specifically designed to lower the barrier for entrepreneurs and SMEs to incorporate formally.

WIPO Lex / Dominican Republic Congress
Jan 18, 2002lawofficial
Law 3-02: Mandatory Commercial Registry (Registro Mercantil) Established

Law 3-02 created a unified, mandatory, and publicly accessible Commercial Registry administered by the Chambers of Commerce under the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, requiring all enterprises to register within one month of formation; the registry became the primary legal gateway for any business seeking to operate lawfully.

Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y MiPymes (MICM)

Dominican Republic - other topics

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