Artificial Intelligence ยท Czechia
AI regulation in Czechia: the EU AI Act (2026)
Czechia shaded by its artificial intelligence status
AI in Czechia: proposed, anchored by EU AI Act (Regulation 2024/1689, directly applicable); national implementing Act on Artificial Intelligence (draft approved by Czech Government 28 May 2025, pending Parliament); coordinated by Ministry of Industry and Trade (MPO); Czech Telecommunications Office (CTU) proposed as primary market surveillance authority.
The EU AI Act applies directly in Czechia as of August 2024 with phased obligations. The Czech Government approved a draft national Act on Artificial Intelligence on 28 May 2025 to designate competent authorities, establish a regulatory sandbox, and set penalties; this draft is awaiting parliamentary adoption, expected no later than 2 August 2026. Czechia also holds an approved National AI Strategy 2030 (July 2024) setting strategic priorities across research, education, ethics, and public administration.
The EU AI Act in Czechia
In Czechia, artificial intelligence is governed by the EU AI Act, the first comprehensive AI law, which applies directly as an EU regulation.
- Framework
- the EU AI Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689)
- Approach
- risk-based: unacceptable-risk AI is banned, high-risk AI faces strict duties, limited-risk AI has transparency rules
- General-purpose AI
- transparency duties for all GPAI models; systemic-risk models add safety and evaluation obligations
- Timeline
- phased: prohibitions from Feb 2025, GPAI rules from Aug 2025, most high-risk obligations from Aug 2026
- Maximum fine
- โฌ35 million or 7% of global annual turnover for prohibited-AI breaches
- Oversight
- national market-surveillance authorities, coordinated by the EU AI Office
The AI Act is an EU regulation applied directly in Czechia; national market-surveillance authorities handle enforcement.
The EU AI Act in Czechia: FAQ
Yes. As an EU member, Czechia is covered by the EU AI Act (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689), which applies directly.
It uses a risk-based approach: unacceptable-risk AI is banned, high-risk AI faces strict obligations, and general-purpose AI models carry transparency duties.
It is phased: prohibitions applied from February 2025, general-purpose-AI rules from August 2025, and most high-risk obligations from August 2026.
Up to โฌ35 million or 7% of global annual turnover for breaching the prohibited-AI rules, with lower tiers for other breaches.
Key points
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 entered into force 1 August 2024 and is directly applicable in Czechia with phased obligations (prohibitions from February 2025; high-risk system rules from August 2026). No national transposition is required but member states must designate national competent authorities.
The Ministry of Industry and Trade (MPO) prepared a minimalist national AI Act; the Czech Government approved the draft on 28 May 2025. The bill designates competent authorities, creates a legal basis for a regulatory sandbox, and establishes administrative offences and penalties. Parliamentary adoption is expected in 2026.
Under the draft law, the Czech Telecommunications Office (CTU/ฤTร) is designated as the primary market surveillance authority and single point of contact under the EU AI Act. The Office for Technical Standardization, Metrology and State Testing (รNMZ) acts as the notifying authority for conformity assessment bodies. The Office for Personal Data Protection and the Public Defender of Rights serve as Article 77 fundamental-rights authorities.
The Czech Government approved the National Artificial Intelligence Strategy of the Czech Republic 2030 (NAIS) by resolution No. 520 on 24 July 2024. It defines priorities across seven areas: R&D and innovation, education, labour-market impacts, ethical and legal aspects, security, industry, and public administration.
An amendment to the Act on Police of the Czech Republic authorising AI-based biometric identification at international airports for security purposes entered into force 1 August 2025. An amendment to the Road Traffic Act enabling SAE Level 3 autonomous vehicles on Czech roads entered into force 1 January 2026.
The Czech draft national AI Act is explicitly minimalist and pro-innovation, avoiding administrative burden beyond EU AI Act requirements. The MPO has also formally submitted proposals to the European Commission to simplify the EU AI Act, reflecting Czechia's priority of maintaining a permissive environment for AI development.
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