Starting a Business - Malawi

100% foreign ownership is permitted in virtually all sectors. The sole exception is electronic communications/telecom, which requires at least 20% local ownership. Separately, 2022 amendments to Malawi's land laws introduced restrictions specifically affecting foreign ownership in land-based enterprises.

Foreign investors must commit a minimum of US$50,000 to qualify for a MITC Investment Certificate, which is a prerequisite for conducting substantive business activities as a foreign national in Malawi.

Companies are incorporated online through the Malawi Business Registration System (MBRS), operated by the Department of Registrar General. Required documents include the Memorandum and Articles of Association; external (foreign) companies must additionally submit a notarised certificate of incorporation from their home country.

After incorporation, foreign investors must apply to MITC with a detailed business proposal. The Investment Certificate is issued within 5 working days of a complete application; MITC serves as a one-stop shop and also facilitates subsequent immigration permits and land access.

Beyond MITC certification, foreign companies must: (1) register their capital inflow with the Reserve Bank of Malawi through a licensed commercial bank; (2) register with the Malawi Revenue Authority for a Tax Identification Number (TIN) and corporate/withholding taxes; and (3) obtain a Business Resident Permit (BRP) via MITC.

MBRS online incorporation can be completed in a few business days. The full sequential process — incorporation, MITC Investment Certificate (5 working days once complete), Reserve Bank registration, MRA tax registration, and BRP — typically takes several weeks in practice.