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Blockchain

Why does exclusive order flow let two builders dominate 86% of Ethereum block production?

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Opportunité

Private order flow agreements between wallets, apps, and a small number of builders give those builders a structural informational advantage that compounds over time. Beaverbuild and Titan Builder produced roughly 86% of Ethereum mainnet blocks during a two-week period in early 2025, and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index for block building rose from around 0.2 in late 2023 to 0.35 by mid-2024. ePBS moves the builder-proposer auction on-chain but does not break the exclusive deal pipeline: a builder holding the majority of private flow still wins most auctions after the protocol change. BuilderNet is a voluntary countermeasure without on-chain enforcement, and as of January 2026 it produced only 25.5% of blocks. The feedback loop is self-reinforcing: only builders with high market share attract exclusive flow, and only those with exclusive flow consistently win.

Pourquoi c'est important

A two-builder effective monopoly at L1 means those two entities can reorder or delay any transaction on the chain, regardless of what the consensus protocol says.

Comment j'évalue l'opportunité

Le Score d'Opportunité est mon évaluation personnelle, pas une mesure : l'intensité de la douleur, sa fréquence et le peu de solutions qui existent aujourd'hui. Plus il est élevé, plus je pense que le problème vaut la peine d'être résolu.

Gravité9/10

L'intensité de la douleur qu'il provoque lorsqu'il se manifeste.

Fréquence9/10

La fréquence à laquelle les gens y sont réellement confrontés.

Espace libre7/10

Le peu de bons outils qui existent pour y remédier aujourd'hui.

D'autres problèmes qui méritent d'être résolus